Al Khadim Research Journal of Islamic Culture and Civilization

The Specialized Ijtihad: Probability, Limits and Benefits

Prof. Dr. Hafiz Abdul Basit Khan — 2024-08-05

Specialized Ijtihad refers to the exertion of focused efforts by scholars to derive correct opinions or interpretations within a specific field, such as economics, medical science, or family law. This form of Ijtihad has been a subject of significant debate in Islamic legal history. The majority of scholars support the idea that a qualified scholar, who has acquired the necessary knowledge and expertise, may engage in Ijtihad in a particular field or issue. However, a minority of scholars argue that comprehensive knowledge across all areas of Islamic law is a prerequisite for practicing Ijtihad in any field. This paper addresses the research question: What is the scope and significance of specialized Ijtihad in contemporary contexts? Through a detailed analysis, the study concludes that specialized Ijtihad is crucial in today’s world due to the vast advancements in nearly every domain, from economics to medical science. In an era of specialization, where even individual fields are divided into numerous sub-branches, this form of Ijtihad allows scholars to concentrate on specific areas, gain in-depth expertise, and provide informed rulings in line with Islamic principles. The paper argues that specialized Ijtihad is not only necessary for addressing modern complexities but also essential for ensuring that Islamic law remains relevant and effective in dealing with contemporary issues.

The aspect of ease in the life of Holy Prophet (SAW) and its application on modern times (A Research study in the light of Seerat e Tayyaba)

Dr. Syed Mujeeb Ur Rehman — 2024-08-06

Man performs various matters of daily life under the influence of his feelings and emotions. Some people have hardness in their temperament. This hardness is reflected in their every work. Rasool Ullah (SAW) is sent as Rahmah for humanity. Creating easiness(yusr) for others is a dominant factor in his personality . Therefore, he created easiness for the Ummah at every point of life, including making laws, explaining Hukm e Shar’i and deciding between people. There is an element of harshness in the mood of people nowadays, due to which they cause hardship to others in various matters of life. Teachers, religious scholars and leaders have an important role in the construction and destruction of the society. If these important sections of society develop aspect of easiness in their temprament, there will be positive effects on the society. This article has been written to highlight the aspect of easiness in the life of the Holy Prophet(SAW). It explains that this aspect was dominant in every phase of the Prophet's life. It also points out the practical ways that can be followed to make things easier for others in the present era.

Introductory Review of the Arabic and Persian Writings of Shikarpur Sindh Scholars

Dr. Mehmood ul Hassan Channar — 2024-08-12

The scholarly contributions from Sindh have long been acknowledged, with Arab and foreign students continuing to utilize these works in their research. This reflects a deep appreciation for the region's academic heritage. Notably, Shikarpur, Lakhi, and Garhi Yasin Sindh are highlighted as significant centers for Arabic and Persian literature, following in the tradition of esteemed elders. This overview aims to spotlight existing literature, both published and unpublished, while excluding works that are historically referenced but not accessible to researchers due to their rarity or condition. Many valuable texts remain tucked away in libraries or private collections, waiting to be rediscovered. To combat this obscurity, it is crucial for researchers to actively engage with these texts, bringing them to light and adapting them through modern scholarship. Libraries should consider making these resources available, providing access to scholars and fostering a greater appreciation for the wisdom of past generations.

Dr. Farman Fathepuri, Life and Literary Services

Prof. Dr. Meher Muhammad Ejaz Sabir — 2024-08-12

Dr Farman Fathepuri (1926-2013) was a prominent research Scholar and Urdu Prose Writer. He is very well known in all over the world, where Urdu is spoken. He spent his life for the promotion of Urdu language and literature as a researcher, critic, linguist and a teacher of Urdu. He was familiar to the importance of Urdu literature and did the Scholarly work for the progress of Urdu language and literature. He left about sixty-two books on his credit. This paper presents his life and literary services rendered by him.

Importance of Shariat Muhammadi (PBUH) in the way of behavior: A research study in the light of the thoughts of Hazrat Sultan Bahu

Javeria Mahfooz — 2024-09-30

The lives of Sufis are a miracle of Allah Almighty for the society by which the whole society becomes reformed. Wherever the Sufis entered, they purified the people and advised them on the right path and spread the knowledge of Shariat and Sufism among the people. Sophia's teachings cleansed the hearts of people from the love of the world, vices, malice, envy, hatred and taught them to be close to Allah. By which the inner being of man is reformed. There is no example of the role played by Sufis and saints in the spread of Islam in the sub-continent. The Sufis, by their knowledge, actions, morals and spiritual attitude, inclined people to Islam and spread Islamic teachings because man has lost his purpose in life and is oblivious to the remembrance of Allah Almighty. That is why the company and teachings of the Sufis always attract man to the remembrance of God and remind man of the purpose of life and incline him towards the nearness and distance of Allah. Which are becoming the cause of reform and education of the people. Therefore, Shariat is incomplete without Sufism, just as prayer is incomplete without ablution, both are inseparable. For Sufism, the terms of purification, self-jihad, knowledge, purity of heart, kindness have been mentioned in several places in the Holy Quran. Both Shariat and Sufism (way of conduct) are incomplete without each other. The purpose of human life is to purify one's inner self along with one's outward appearance. In order to attain closeness to Allah, if the outside of a person is pure but the inside is impure, then a person cannot fulfill the purpose of his life. All the Companions, Imam Fiqh, millions of Saints and Sufis have shown the closeness of Allah, both outwardly and inwardly. Obtained only after the purification of Therefore, inner purity is very important.

The Impact of Custom on Sales: An Analytical Study

Syed Naveed ul Hassan — 2024-08-05

This research is a serious attempt to explore the principles and customary practices affecting sales in Islamic law. Basically, it tries to understand the concept of sale in Islamic jurisprudence through two primary sections. Definition of Sale and Customary Issues and Branches in Sales. The study examines both the linguistic and legal definitions of sale. It presents multiple definitions from various juristic perspectives, with the Hanafi definition being favored. The second part of the study examines the role of custom in sales, divided into six key areas. These include the influence of custom on the definition of wealth, the various forms of contracts and indicators of consent, the requirement for the sold item to be clearly identified and equivalent to the price, and the necessity for the price to be known. Additionally, it examines the different types of options (Khiyar) recognized by various schools of thought and their relation to custom, as well as the validity and conditions of the sale of Salam in light of customary practices. This research highlights the significant role that custom plays in shaping sales practices within Islamic jurisprudence, offering valuable insights into how customary norms impact the interpretation and application of sales principles.

The Impact of Social Anxiety on University Students in Pakistan: An Islamic Perspective on Student Learning and Well-Being in Higher Education

Hassan Wajid — 2024-08-05

This study investigates the consequences of social anxiety on the learning experiences and general well-being of university students across 20 different universities in Pakistan, from an Islamic viewpoint, with a focus on trends and prospects beyond 2020. The study investigates how social anxiety affects students' mental health and social interactions in the classroom, which runs counter to the Islamic principle of fostering a supportive and inclusive community (Ummah). Data from online questionnaires completed by 787 students are used in the study. Known as a "hidden struggle," social anxiety still affects a large percentage of students worldwide, including those in Pakistan. These students could find it difficult to ask for assistance from the faculty, engage in class discussions, or connect with their peers—difficulties that go counter to Islam's teachings on acquiring knowledge (Ilm) and forming close social relationships. The study's conclusions, which demonstrate that comparable social anxiety patterns are common in Pakistani academic institutions, address these worldwide issues. This highlights the critical need for more focused treatments that are in line with Islamic ideas of mutual assistance and ease of getting help, such as peer support groups and mental health counseling. It also emphasizes how critical it is to increase awareness of mental health issues in higher education and provide more comprehensive support systems so that students may succeed in their academic and personal lives while adhering to Islamic principles of mental health and community service.