The Prophetic Method of Establishing Internal Peace in the State of Medinah
ریاست مدینہ میں داخلی امن کے قیام کا نبوی طریقہ کار
Keywords:
Islam, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), Madina, Islamic State, Peace, Welfare, War, Muslims, Jews, Pagans, Arab, JusticeAbstract
Prophet’s biography and teachings are extremely important in the training and reform of individuals, society and nations. In terms of training, his sayings, deeds and silent approvals have equal status. However, there are some parts of his teachings that researchers have not paid enough attention to so far. They have been described briefly. Among these are his comprehensive measures for establishing internal peace at the state level. In the light of these, both individuals and society can adopt such protective measures through which human society can be at peace and harmony. It is known that when the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) began preaching Islam, the number of Muslims was small. Moreover, Islam introduced a code of life that completely changed the conditions of the Arabian Peninsula at that time. The Prophet (PBUH) was fully prepared to face the problems and hardships that could arise as a result of this great mission. His enemies had more political, economic and military power, yet he took such steps that, despite the lack of economic and military resources, Islam got a full opportunity to flourish and flourish in the land of Arabia. Keeping this aspect in mind, We have tried to find an answer to the question: "What important steps did the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) take to establish internal peace in the state of Medina after the migration to Medina?". The article presents various aspects of the Prophet's (PBUH) Madani life to answer this question. Instead of going into details about these aspects, it has only focused on those points that are directly related to inner peace.
References
Al-Ahzab:21
Al-Qalam:4
Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Bukhari, Sahih al-Bukhari, Dar al-Hadith, Cairo, (1992), vol. 1, p. 325
Abdul-Malkabin Hisham, As-Sirat al-Nabawiyyah, Dar al-Khair, Beirut, (1992), vol. 1, p. 2017
Abu Bakr Bayhaqi, Dar al-Kutb al-Ilmiyah, Beirut, (1996), vol. 3, p. 275
Sahih al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 327
Abd al-Rahman al-Shuja’, Dirasat fi ahd al-Nubawtah wal-Khilafah al-Rashidah, Dar al-Fikr, Sana’a, (1999), p. 161
Safi ur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Tajliyat-e-Nabuwwat, Dar al-Islam, Lahore, (S.A.N) p. 174
For details about the Companions of Suffah, see: Mufti Mubashir, Suffah and Companions of Suffah, Baitul-Ulum, Lahore, (S.A.N), pp. 63 to 268
For details, see: Dr. Mubashara Muzaffar, Mawakhat-e-Madinah, Seerat Library, Karachi, (2023), pp. 65-112
Al-Anfal:75
Ibn Hisham, Vol. 2, p. 237
Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 3, p. 324
Mohsin Al-Musawi, Daulat-ul-Rasul, Dar Al-Bayan, Beirut, (1999), pp. 180, 181
Al-Hashr:9
Muhammad bin Isa Al-Tirmidhi, Sunan Al-Tirmidhi, Dar Al-Kuttab Al-Ilmiyah, Beirut, (1990), H:2427
Al-Hujurat:10
Al-Ma’idah:2
For the text, translation and commentary of these 63 articles, see: Dr. Hassan Muhyiddin, Dastur Al-Madinah and the Concept of a Welfare State, Minhaj-ul-Quran Printers, Lahore, (2024), Vol. 1, pp. 185-232
Muslim bin Hajjaj, Sahih Muslim, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, Cairo, (1987), vol. 4, p. 387
Sahih al-Bukhari, vol. 3, p. 324
Sahih al-Bukhari, vol. 3, p. 325
Muhammad ibn Yazid ibn Majah, Sunan ibn Majah, Dar al-Ihya al-Kitab al-Arabiyya, Beirut, (1997), vol. 4, p. 187
Sahih al-Bukhari, vol. 2, p. 234
Sahih al-Bukhari, vol. 4, p. 391
Sahih al-Bukhari, vol. 2, p. 234
Ibn Hisham, vol. 2, p. 282
Muhammad ibn Umar Waqidi, Al-Maghazi, Mastat al-Ala al-Massufiyat, Beirut, (1998), vol. 2, p. 234
At-Tawbah: 107 to 110
Dr. Muhammad Saeed Ramadan al-Buti, Lessons in Seerah, Urdu Translator: Dr. Muhammad Razi al-Islam Nadwi, Nashaari, Lahore, (2007), p. 311
Abu Dawood Sulaiman Bin Ash'ath, Sunan Abu Dawood, Dar Ihya'at-ul-Turat, Beirut, (1994), Vol. 3, p. 282
Pir Karam Shah al-Azhari, Zia-un-Nabi, Zia-ul-Quran Publications, Lahore, (1420 AH), Vol. 3, p. 436
Zia-un-Nabi, Vol. 3, p. 224
Sulayman bin Ahmad Tabarani, Al-Jami' al-Kabir, Maktaba Ibn Taymiyyah, Cairo, (1994), Vol. 2, p. 363
According to Maulana Shibli No'mani, "The number of those killed has been stated by Arbab Seer as more than 600, but in Sahih Satta it is 400." See: Shibli No'mani, Seerat-un-Nabi (peace be upon him), National Book Foundation, Islamabad, (2015) Vol. 1, p. 311. See also: Zia al-Nabi, vol. 4, pp. 60-72
Permission is now given to those who fight because they have been wronged, and indeed Allah is Able to help them. (Al-Hajj: 39)
For details of these agreements, see: Shah Moin al-Din Hashmi, Internal Order of the Islamic State in the Time of the Prophet, Zowar Academy Publications, Karachi, (2024), p. 141
Shura: 38
Bayhaqi, vol. 2, p. 239
Abu Abdullah Hakim, Al-Mustadrak Ali al-Saheeheen, Dar al-Kuttab al-Ilmiyah, Beirut, (2002), Vol. 1, p. 239
Ibn Hisham, Vol. 1, p. 345
Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 1, p. 289
For details, see: Professor Muhammad Siddiq Qureshi, Rasool Akram's Spying System, Sheikh Ghulam Ali and Sons, Lahore, (1990)
Tabarani, Vol. 2, p. 374
Al-Baqarah:192
For details, see: Ibn Hisham, Vol. 1, p. 342
Fahmi Al-Najjar, Al-Harb Al-Nafsiyat Fi Islam, Dar Al-Fadhilah, Riyadh, (2005), p. 37
Al-Harb Al-Nafsiyat Fi Islam, p. 41
Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 1, p. 301
Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 1, p. 312
Bayhaqi, Vol. 2, p. 238
Sahih Muslim, Vol. 4, p. 239. Al-Maghazi Al-Waqidi, Vol. 2, p. 297
From the Prophetic Wisdoms of Psychological Warfare For details, see: Abdur Rahman Nasir, Al-Harb Al-Nafsiyat Fi Asr Al-Nubawtah, Jamia Imam Muhammad bin Saud Al-Islamiyyah, Riyadh, (1406 AH), pp. 63-95
For details of these conditions, see: Professor Allama Noor Bakhsh Tawakoli, Seerat Rasool Al-Arabi, Monal Publications, Rawalpindi, (S.A.) pp. 130, 131
Al-Maghazi Al-Waqidi, Vol. 2, p. 371
For the reasons and details of the conquest of Mecca, see: Safi Ur Rahman Mubarak Puri, Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtum, Maktaba Salafiyyah, Lahore, (2001), pp. 535-548
Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 3, p. 324
For details of the narrations related to these cases, see: Hafiz Hasan Madani, Nabi Kareem ? judicial decisions, PhD thesis, Institute of Islamic Studies, Punjab University, Lahore, (2001), pp. 234-308