Exploring the Concept and Instances of Shuh in Islamic Exegetical Literature
شح کےتصور و مصداقات کا اسلامی تفسیری ادب کی روشنی میں ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ
Keywords:
Shuh, Avarice, Islamic Ethics, Exegesis, Qur’anic InterpretationAbstract
This qualitative narrative-based study explores the concept and manifestations of “Shuh” (avarice or intense stinginess) within Islamic exegetical literature. Drawing upon the Qur’an, Hadith, and classical commentaries by renowned mufassirun such as Al-Tabari, Ibn Kathir, Al-Qurtubi, Al-Zamakhshari, and Raghib Al-Isfahani, it analyzes the linguistic, moral, and behavioral dimensions of this term. The research reveals that Shuh signifies not only financial miserliness but also deeper spiritual and ethical corruption—manifested through greed, injustice, and failure in fulfilling social and moral responsibilities. Furthermore, the study underscores how Islamic scholarship provides comprehensive moral guidance for recognizing and overcoming Shuh, offering valuable insights into the Qur’anic vision of human character and ethical discipline.
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