Introduction to “YAMIN” (oath) and repetance of taking oaths, A research study in the light of “Tafseer Al ahkamul AlQuran lljsas and Tafseer Qurtabi

"یمین(قسم) کا مفہوم اور قسمیں کھانے کا کفارہ " تفسیر احکام القرآن للجصاص اور تفسیر قرطبی کی روشنی میں ایک تحقیقی جائزہ

Abstract

A qasam is a plural from of the word  qasam.Qasam word is synonymous with the word halaf  and  yamin  because  the meaning is  oath.Yamin is called  the oath because  the  Arab when sworn is always  holding  right  hand  respectively. The  qasam according  to terms  are; linking the  soul not to do,or to do it,which is reinforced by something that is  honored for other people.The word Oath is  drived from the  Arabic (Al .Q.SAM.) Its meaning (AL.YAMIN) that  amplifies  something by  mentioning  something exalted  by using  the letters (as the oath).Oath  is also called  yamin  (right  hand)because the  Arabs  when being sworn is holding right  hsnd to a person in whom he swears. When a person takes an oath upon the name of Allah to do or refrain from in the future, it will be incumbent upon him to fulfil that oath. When he does not fulfil (breaks) the oath, it will be compulsory upon him to give Kaffarah (penance) for misusing the name of Allah. The Kaffarah for breaking an oath is:  Free a slave (not applicable in these times), or  Feed ten poor people an average two meals, or Clothe ten poor people enough clothes to cover the majority of their bodies. If one can not do anyone of the above three for a valid reason then he may fast for three consecutive days. The feeding and clothing should be of moderate standard. One can feed or clothe 10 people in one day or one poor person for 10 days. One cannot feed one person 10 times in one day. One can either give each poor person one sa’a (3.18kgs) of dates or barley or half sa’a (1.59kgs) of wheat; or he can feed them two meals a day (i.e. lunch and supper). Only bread can be counted as a meal on condition that it is made out of wheat. A child who has just started eating will not be counted as one person. One can either call the poor people home and feed them or one give them the food for them to do as they like. Any type of clothing can be given that normally covers the body, and the person wearing it will not be counted as naked or half naked. One should also bear in mind that clothing a woman will not be complete unless it includes something that will cover her head (eg: scarf).